Investigation of Structural, SEM, TEM and Dielectric Properties of BaTiO3 nanoparticles

BaTiO3 nanoparticles were prepared by solvothermal method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to study the structure and crystallite size of BaTiO3 nanoparticles. The morphology and the size of the BaTiO3 nanoparticles were characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). The optical properties were studied using the UV-Visible spectrum in the wavelength range of 300-800 nm. The dielectric properties of BaTiO3 nanoparticles were studied for different frequencies and different temperatures. The AC electrical conductivity study revealed that the conduction depended both on the frequency and the temperature

Studies on Hall Effect and DC Conductivity Measurements of Semiconductor Thin films Prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) method

Semiconductors have various useful properties that can be exploited for the realization of a large number of high performance devices in fields such as electronics and optoelectronics. Many novel semiconductors, especially in the form of thin films, are continually being developed. Thin films have drawn the attention of many researchers because of their numerous applications. As the film becomes thinner, the properties acquire greater importance in the miniaturization of elements such as resistors, transistors, capacitors, and solar cells. In the present work, copper selenide (CuSe), cadmium selenide (CdSe), zinc selenide (ZnSe), lead sulphide (PbS), zinc sulphide (ZnS), and cadmium sulphide (CdS) thin films were prepared by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. The prepared thin films were analyzed by using Hall measurements in Van Der Pauw configuration (ECOPIA HMS-3000) at room temperature. The Hall parameters such as Hall mobility of the material, resistivity, carrier concentration, Hall coefficient and conductivity were determined. The DC electrical conductivity measurements were also carried out for the thin films using the conventional two – probe technique. The activation energies were also calculated from DC conductivity studies

Studies on Hall Effect and DC Conductivity Measurements of Semiconductor Thin films Prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) method

Semiconductors have various useful properties that can be exploited for the realization of a large number of high performance devices in fields such as electronics and optoelectronics. Many novel semiconductors, especially in the form of thin films, are continually being developed. Thin films have drawn the attention of many researchers because of their numerous applications. As the film becomes thinner, the properties acquire greater importance in the miniaturization of elements such as resistors, transistors, capacitors, and solar cells. In the present work, copper selenide (CuSe), cadmium selenide (CdSe), zinc selenide (ZnSe), lead sulphide (PbS), zinc sulphide (ZnS), and cadmium sulphide (CdS) thin films were prepared by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. The prepared thin films were analyzed by using Hall measurements in Van Der Pauw configuration (ECOPIA HMS-3000) at room temperature. The Hall parameters such as Hall mobility of the material, resistivity, carrier concentration, Hall coefficient and conductivity were determined. The DC electrical conductivity measurements were also carried out for the thin films using the conventional two – probe technique. The activation energies were also calculated from DC conductivity studies

Drug delivery and antimicrobial studies of chitosan-alginate based hydroxyapatite bioscaffolds formed by the Casein micelle assisted synthesis

The present study aims to develop a hydroxyapatite (HAP) based scaffold composite for orthopaedic applications and for that, we adopt a Casein (Cs) micelle assisted synthesis route for the formation of a composite. Following the synthesis and characterization of various fluorine (2% and 5%) substituted HAPs (FHAP), they have been tested for the release of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) drug and antimicrobial efficacy. The physicochemical characterization such as FTIR and Raman confirms the successful formation of the HAP composites. Similarly, the powder XRD and FESEM analysis have used for the confirmation of crystallinity and morphological behaviour, respectively. The elemental composition has confirmed using EDX analysis. The antimicrobial studies indicate that the 5% FHAP sample is possessing superior antifungal and antibacterial activities and the highest activity has been observed against the gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) with an inhibition zone of 47 mm while the gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) has only 38 mm inhibition zone. The CIP drug release profile has been controlling with the Cs/5% FHAP sample. Therefore, this composite has carried out for the scaffold formation with the use of chitosan-alginate matrices. Further, characterization of chitosan-alginate/5% FHAP scaffold composite indicates porous, biodegradable, considerable water uptake and retention ability, along with the maintenance of controlled CIP drug-releasing properties. Based on the analysis, the as-synthesized chitosan-alginate/5% FHAP scaffold composite can be suitable for the biomedical and bioengineering applications of bone tissue growth and as an implant

Evaluation Of Mechanical and Biocompatibility Properties of Hydroxyapatite/Manganese Dioxide Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Application

The aim of this research was to evaluate the mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and degradation behavior of scaffolds made of pure hydroxyapatite (HA) and HA‐modified by MnO2 for bone tissue engineering applications. HA and MnO2 were developed using sol‐gel and precipitation methods, respectively. The scaffolds properties were characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microcopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The interaction of scaffold with cells was assessed using in vitro cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assays. The obtained results indicate that the HA/ MnO2 scaffolds possess higher compressive strength, toughness, hardness, and density when compared to the pure HA scaffolds. After immersing the scaffold in the SBF solution, more deposited apatite appeared on the HA/MnO2, which results in the rougher surface on this scaffold compared to the pure HA scaffold. Finally, the in vitro biological analysis using human osteoblast cells reveals that scaffolds are biocompatible with adequate ALP activit

Evaluation of physicochemical characteristics and antimicrobial activities of copper oxide nanoparticles formed by the solution combustion method

In this paper, copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) was prepared by solution combustion technique. We used copper nitrate as an oxidizer and malic acid as a fuel to make three different CuO NPs by using different fuel ratios: low (M1), stoichiometric (M2), and high (M3). The XRD patterns show that the CuO NPs have the monoclinic structure with an average grain size of 17, 20, and 18 nm corresponding to M1, M2, and M3 respectively. The SEM images revealed that the CuO NPs prepared display bush as morphology consisting of a wheat-like structure for M1, rod-like structure for M2, and sheet-like structure for M3 sample. The FTIR spectrum shows that CuO NPs is successfully formed in all of the samples. A bandgap of around 3.26 eV can be seen in the UV-Vis spectrum. Also, the three samples are possessing antibacterial activity and are influenced by the crystalline size, shape, purity, and uniformity of the crystals. Among the three samples with a difference of morphology, the most influencing factor of antibacterial activity being the shape that of other larger-sized particles

Synthesis and characterization of CuO nanowires by a simple wet chemical method

We report a successful synthesis of copper oxide nanowires with an average diameter of 90 nm and lengths of several micrometers by using a simple and inexpensive wet chemical method. The CuO nanowires prepared via this method are advantageous for industrial applications which require mass production and low thermal budget technique. It is found that the concentration and the quantity of precursors are the critical factors for obtaining the desired one-dimensional morphology. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images indicate the influence of thioglycerol on the dispersity of the prepared CuO nanowires possibly due to the stabilization effect of the surface caused by the organic molecule thioglycerol. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum analysis, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, and X-ray photoemission spectrum analysis confirm clearly the formation of a pure phase high-quality CuO with monoclinic crystal structure